Chocolate contains theobromine and caffeine, which are stimulants that can be toxic to dogs. Dark chocolate and unsweetened baking chocolate have higher levels of these substances and are particularly dangerous.
Grapes and raisins can lead to kidney failure in dogs, even in small amounts. It's best to avoid them entirely.
Xylitol is a sugar substitute used in many sugar-free and diet products, including gum, candy, and baked goods. It can cause a rapid release of insulin in dogs, leading to hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), seizures, and even liver failure.
All forms of onions and garlic, whether raw, cooked, or powdered, contain compounds that can damage a dog's red blood cells and lead to anemia. It's important to avoid feeding them to dogs.
Alcohol, even in small amounts, can cause alcohol poisoning in dogs. It can lead to symptoms like vomiting, diarrhea, seizures, and even death.
Cooked bones, especially chicken and turkey bones, can splinter and cause choking hazards or damage to a dog's digestive tract. It's safer to offer specially designed dog bones or treats.
Avocado contains a substance called persin, which can be toxic to dogs in large amounts. The pit and skin are particularly problematic. While small amounts of ripe avocado are unlikely to cause harm, it's best to avoid them altogether.
High-fat foods like fatty cuts of meat, butter, and fried foods can lead to pancreatitis in dogs, a painful and potentially life-threatening condition.